The Brazilian National Biosafety Commision (CTNBio)
official assessment on the 2012 Séralini paper
In the last
30 days a couple of countries, through their national authorities for risk
assessment, have clearly positioned themselves against the scientific validity
of Séralini´s paper. Indeed, these authorities have published technical
opinions stating that Séralini´s pledge (on feed made with GM corn inducing
tumor in rats) was not supported by his published data.
Now Brazil,
the second largest GM crop grower in the World, also officially rejects
Séralini´s results. The Brazilian CTNBio
makes public its opinion on the work of Séralini and his collaborators (see
below). The opinion is in many points similar to that made public by concerned Brazilian
researchers some weeks ago (http://genpeace.blogspot.com.br/2012/10/pesquisadores-brasileiros-assinam.html,
in Portuguese)
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CONSIDERED
OPINION
The President of the Brazilian National
Technical Commission on Biosafety - CTNBio, in response to the demand of the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs, appointed a committee comprised of four distinguished
researchers who evaluated the work of Séralini and his collaborators in prior
publication on the journal Food and Chemical Toxicology, available on the
website http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0278691512005637/1-s2.0-S0278691512005637-main.pdf?_tid=bdde0922-2296-11e2-ada7-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1351604340_c8d8f6b6fbeeec91e0ef4b1ca2444c8f . The result of this
evaluation is below.
Document evaluated
Séralini GE, Clair E, Mesnage R, Gress S,
Defarge N, Malatesta M, Hennequin D, de Vendômois JS. Long term toxicity of a
Roundup herbicide and a Roundup-tolerant genetically modified maize. Food Chem
Toxicol. 2012 Sep 11. pii: S0278-6915(12)00563-7. doi:
10.1016/j.fct.2012.08.005
Prof. Dr. José Fernando Garcia – School of Veterinary Medicine, São
Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Araçatuba, São Paulo
Prof. Dr. Fernando Salvador Moreno – School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São
Paulo, SP
Professor. Dr. Nance Beyer Nardi - Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering
Laboratory, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, RS
Summary
In an overall assessment, this study represents
a strong commitment to assess the consequences of a diet with genetically
modified (GM) plants, exposed or not to the herbicide to which they are
resistant, as well as with the herbicide itself, to rats after a long-term
treatment. Results generated could potentially bring valuable information about
the issue raised by the authors, however, the study completely fails to reach
such purposes, due the following main reasons:
(1) The rat strain was poorly selected for the
study, inasmuch as it is known that Sprague-Dawley rats develop tumors
spontaneously in greater frequency than other strain (Keenam et al., 1979). The
choice of another strain would have given greater consistency and reliability
to the set of results of the study.
(2) Results are dramatically described and
illustrated in a non-conventional fashion, leading to a relationship between
feeding on GM plants and higher mortality or appearance of tumors, without,
however, presenting numerical data in most analyzes, or statistical analyzes
that inform the level of significance of the data presented in a general way. A
study of the document shows that the expression "statistic" appears
only twice: in item 2.6, "Statistical analysis" in Materials and
Methods; and in item 3.3 (Results, biochemical analyses), in the phrase
"For biochemical measurements in rats, statistical analysis". This
confirms that data presented as regards biochemical parameters were the only
results submitted to statistical analysis, even so, rather unclear.
(3) Other points recommend caution with respect
to the study, such as: Lack of a
definition of the control maize lineage, described only as "closest
isogenic maize" (Table 1); similar results are observed with GM maize
treated or not with the herbicide and with the herbicide itself, without
dose-effect relation; the number of animals per group is very small (10 males
and 10 females), particularly considering specific sex differences; for several
of the results, groups "treated" (n=90) are compared with
"controls" (n=10) for each sex, while control and experimental groups
should have similar sample size.
Finally, the review of the study indicates that
based on the results presented it is not possible to establish any conclusions
about the long-term effect of feeding on GM maize, treated or not with the
respective herbicide, in rats. To this end, the findings should be described
more accurately and submitted to a consistent statistical evaluation.
Therefore, this opinion indicates the main technical
limitations, which invalidate the findings presented by the authors.
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Please
access the following link for the full text (903 kb, pdf file):